isomorphic decomposition

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• Wold decomposition — In operator theory, the Wold decomposition, or Wold von Neumann decomposition, is a classification theorem for isometric linear operators on a given Hilbert space. It states that any isometry is a direct sums of copies of the unilateral shift and …   Wikipedia

• Polar decomposition — In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra and functional analysis, the polar decomposition of a matrix or linear operator is a factorization analogous to the polar form of a nonzero complex number z where r is the absolute value of z (a… …   Wikipedia

• JSJ decomposition — In mathematics, the JSJ decomposition, also known as the toral decomposition, is a topological construct given by the following theorem: Irreducible orientable closed (i.e., compact and without boundary) 3 manifolds have a unique (up to isotopy)… …   Wikipedia

• Structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain — In mathematics, in the field of abstract algebra, the structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain is a generalization of the fundamental theorem of finitely generated abelian groups and roughly states that… …   Wikipedia

• Hilbert space — For the Hilbert space filling curve, see Hilbert curve. Hilbert spaces can be used to study the harmonics of vibrating strings. The mathematical concept of a Hilbert space, named after David Hilbert, generalizes the notion of Euclidean space. It… …   Wikipedia

• Bass–Serre theory — is a part of the mathematical subject of group theory that deals with analyzing the algebraic structure of groups acting by automorphisms on simplicial trees. The theory relates group actions on trees with decomposing groups as iterated… …   Wikipedia

• Rotation matrix — In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example the matrix rotates points in the xy Cartesian plane counterclockwise through an angle θ about the origin of the Cartesian… …   Wikipedia

• Modular representation theory — is a branch of mathematics, and that part of representation theory that studies linear representations of finite group G over a field K of positive characteristic. As well as having applications to group theory, modular representations arise… …   Wikipedia

• Banach–Tarski paradox — The Banach–Tarski paradox is a theorem in set theoretic geometry which states that a solid ball in 3 dimensional space can be split into several non overlapping pieces, which can then be put back together in a different way to yield two identical …   Wikipedia

• combinatorics — /keuhm buy neuh tawr iks, tor , kom beuh /, n. (used with singular v.) See combinatorial analysis. * * * Branch of mathematics concerned with the selection, arrangement, and combination of objects chosen from a finite set. The number of possible… …   Universalium

• Pauli matrices — The Pauli matrices are a set of 2 times; 2 complex Hermitian and unitary matrices. Usually indicated by the Greek letter sigma (σ), they are occasionally denoted with a tau (τ) when used in connection with isospin symmetries. They are::sigma 1 =… …   Wikipedia